Angle Section
An angle is a steel structural member widely used in the construction industry. Its main applications are as a brace, stiffener, and as a connecting element between beams and columns. This steel profile has two legs, usually arranged at a right angle (90°) to each other; however , angles with other angles less than 90° are also produced, each for specific applications. Like other steel sections , angles are manufactured by both hot rolling and cold rolling processes.Applications of Angle SectionsAngles are used in various fields such as different types of frames, bases and column supports, construction of fences , stairs , towers , and trusses , high-rise fasteners, covers and lightweight roofs, sheds, as well as for bracing and resisting lateral forces between columns in steel structures.Direct Reduced Iron (DRI)
Iron ore pelletPelletizing is a process that converts fine particles of raw materials (concentrate) into dense, compact agglomerates. Pellets are the final product of the pelletizing process and serve as a key feedstock for hot metal production in blast furnaces and for sponge iron production through various direct reduction methods. Pelletizing MethodsIn general, pellets are produced using two main methodsCone (Rotary Drum)Disc PelletizerThe main raw material for producing iron ore pellets is iron ore concentrate, and the particle size of the concentrate used should be below 45 microm. Additives and binders such as bentonite, hydrated lime (lime slurry), organic materials, lime, cement, and water are also used in the process. Direct Reduced Iron (DRI)Sponge iron, also known as porous pellets, is produced through the direct reduction of iron ore pellets and has a high grade, typically ranging from 34% to 95%. The direct reduction process removes oxygen from the iron ore and converts it into a porous, sponge-like structure—hence the name “sponge iron.” It is usually produced in lump or pellet form. In addition, it can be produced in a compacted form known as briquettes, called Hot Briquetted Iron (HBI). Applications of Direct Reduced Iron (DRI)Direct Reduced Iron (DRI), also known as sponge iron, has many applications. Its most important use is as a substitute for steel scrap in induction furnaces, where it is used to produce billets and other steel products. In these furnaces, up to 50% of the charge can consist of DRI in place of scrap.Steel Ingot
A steel ingot is the first product obtained from iron ore through steelmaking processes and is produced in the form of rectangular blocks with dimensions suitable for handling and transportation. The length of an ingot is typically more than 2 meters, and it is produced as a solid metal. This type of ingot is among the most widely used semi-finished steel products in the world and is available in various forms. An important aspect of steel ingots is their shape and size, which play a crucial role in subsequent forming processes. Another important factor is the casting method and the solidification of molten steel in molds, as these determine the physical and mechanical properties of the product. In large steel industries, ingots are classified into blooms, billets, and slabs, each with different dimensions and characteristics used for producing specific steel products. Bloom A semi-finished steel product with a large square or rectangular cross-section, used for producing heavy steel sections. BilletA semi-finished steel product with a smaller square cross-section, used for the production of rebars and wire rods. Slab A semi-finished steel product with a wide , flat rectangular cross-section, used for the production of steel plates and coils.Slab
Steel Slab A slab (also called flat slab) has a rectangular shape with a width of about 1.25 meters, a length of around 12 meters, and a thickness of approximately 230 millimeters. This product is usually produced directly by the continuous casting process or indirectly through hot rolling of other types of steel ingots.The thickness of slabs is relatively low, to the extent that cutting operations can sometimes be difficult; therefore, advanced cutting equipment with high capabilities is required.Application of SlabSlabs are used in the production of flat steel products such as plates, sheets, and coils, as well as in heavy machinery manufacturing.Bloom
Steel Bloom A bloom is one of the types of steel ingots, also known as a billet bar, and when molten steel is produced from raw materials, it is cast into bloom molds.This product has a width of more than 15 cm and a cross-sectional size larger than that of a billet (i.e., greater than 23 cm). Blooms are mainly used for the production of industrial rebars and are also applied in manufacturing products such as structural profiles , I-beams, channels, and similar sections. Steel blooms are produced in different sizes in steel plants. After solidification, the blooms undergo a cooling stage and are then transferred to rolling mills. In the rolling mill, the blooms enter the rolling line and are plastically deformed. Finally, various finished steel products are produced from these blooms.Billet
Steel Billet A billet , also known as a “shamshal,” is one of the types of steel ingots with a long length and a square or round cross-section. The width of a billet is about 15 cm and its cross-sectional size is approximately 230 cm². It is commonly used for producing products such as reinforcing bars (rebars) and various types of wire rods. Billets are produced by direct casting, extrusion, or by rolling larger ingots. They are manufactured in different grades such as 3SP and 5SP. Grade 5SP billets are usually used for rebar production , while grade 3SP billets are used for manufacturing I-beams and angle sections.